The Roman Empire was developed through conquest between the third century BC and the third century AD.  It extended from north-western Europe to the Near East and incorporated every one of the grounds of the Mediterranean. Its topography was an important factor for its development. The Alps and Apennines mountains shielded Rome from external intrusion. Their existence partitioned the Italian peninsula into two hence enabling the Romans to mass strengths for counter-assault at whatever point they were threatened with an attack. It had fertile soil which improved horticulture. Rome pulled in new settlers amid its ascent to control because of its horticultural potentiality. The Roman populace developed rapidly, on account of the enough food production. The excess agricultural produce helped Rome trade with other states hence improving its economy (Laurence, 2001). 

The Roman Empire practiced census. At regular intervals, every male Roman native needed to enroll in Rome for the statistics. In this, he needed to announce his family, spouse, youngsters, slaves and wealth. Should he neglect to do this, his belonging would be seized, and he would be sold into bondage. Be that as it may, enlistment implied opportunity. An ace wishing to free his slave required just to enter him in the edit’s rundown as a native. Throughout the whole Republican period, enrollment in the evaluation was the main way that a Roman could guarantee that his personality and status as a resident were perceived. Fathers enlisted their children, businesses their freedmen. Most vital, the statistics changed the city into a political and military group (Laurence, 2001). 

It was to others that a Roman needed to search for any affirmation of his capacity and personality. In Roman culture confirmation by others was required. Be they the family elders or the general population of Rome; no Roman could be his judge, but could only see himself just through the eyes of others. A decent man was the man regarded commendable worthy by others. Respect was likewise measured just in the acknowledgment it drew from others. Great, noble deeds may be done, however, without individuals knowing about them, there was no grandness, no distinction, and no preferred standpoint to be picked up from them (Laurence, 2001). 

Gaius Marius was one of the influential men in the Roman Empire. He organized the armed force into the best battling machine on earth. It was Marius who changed the way the armed force sorted out itself. Men from the areas could now join to serve in the Roman armed force, and in time get to be distinctly Roman residents themselves. He also allowed land to the veterans of the armies in reward for their administrations. Moreover, he won some renowned fights with his new armed force, for example, Campi Raudii, where his triumphs spared Italy and Rome from an attack of brutes from the north (Laurence, 2001). 

Julius Caesar was another outstanding leader in the Roman Empire. He defeated Gaul in a splendid crusade which is still utilized as a part of studies for preparing commanders today. His triumphs in Gaul brought into the empire what later important regions to the territory. The victory also extended the border of the area to Rhine River. Caesar broadly crossed the waterway Rubicon, the boundary between the area he governed and the Italian regions of the Roman Empire, and took control over Rome as a tyrant. At the time when he went to Egypt, he developed a personal relationship with Queen Cleopatra in reformed the calendar whose changes are still used today, for example, the month of July, is named in his respect (Laurence, 2001). 

The Roman Empire extended through much of Europe because of the predominant innovation of road construction such as the Appian Way in Italy which aided Rome to enter the interior parts of different regions. The development of water transport which depended on Greek innovation empowered Rome to move into various regions (Laurence, 2001). 

The Greek empire.

The rise of the Greek empire is dated to the season of Abraham, 18th c BC, or may be significantly prior. Three geological elements influenced the development of Greece. These are the temperatures, the mountains, and the oceans. It has a calm atmosphere, making it comfortable to the general population to take part in open air life inside their city-states and carry out open air exercises, for example, athletic competitions and craftsmanship shows. Greece is encompassed by three oceans: Mediterranean Sea; the Ionian Sea and the Aegean Sea. Therefore, this aided the thriving in maritime trade (Thorley, 1969). The ocean additionally made the general population got to be fishers, mariners, and shippers. They exceeded expectations in ship structures and voyaging on account of their insight about oceans around them (Thorley, 1969).

Alexander Phillip was great in northern Greece. (What’s more, viewed as a savage by the southern Greek city states). Phillip made an active, proficient armed force which coercively joined the city-states of Greek into one territory. He had a crucial military ability and was named as an administrator in his father’s armed force when he was 18 years old. Having conquered all of Greece, he started a campaign to attack the Persian Empire, Greece’s most prominent opponent.

The Greeks practiced craftsmanship, design, and writing. When they entered the Middle East, the cultural exchange formed a hybrid, the Hellenism, whose effect would be far more noteworthy and keep going for far longer than Alexander’s reign. They displayed every single human ability such as writing, music design and drama. They celebrated the magnificence of their bodies, showing athletic ability in games. Nothing regarding the human body was viewed as embarrassing. Therefore, strong competition games were performed as part of the culture Greece (Swain, 1996).  

The commonly known, Western Civilization is perpetually appreciative to the general population of old Greece and Rome. Their most remarkable blessing to later eras was the current impression of government. The contemporary thought of vote-based system, despite being achieved due to the political battles in the city of Athens, worked out as intended in the Roman Republic in spite of the consistent obstruction of the empires. Despite the fact that the present meaning of majority rule government has changed extensively, one should even now perceive its initial development in that interminable city, Rome (Goldhill, 2001).